Kausalitas dalam Perspektif Teologi dan Filsafat Al-Ghazali
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54180/elbanat.2023.13.2.254-271Keywords:
Al-Ghazali, Causality, Teology, PhilosophyAbstract
Al-Ghazali is often cited as the first theologian to systematically explain the inevitability of cause-and effect relationships. In fact, Al-Ghazali did not reject the law of causality, but what he rejected was the view of Muslim philosophers who said that causality is a necessity or certainty. This literature research aims to analyze Al-Ghazali's thoughts about causality from two points of view at once: theology and philosophy. The author finds that in al-Ghazali's view, causality is only an appearance and is the impact of the human habit of linking two events that occur consistently in nature. Religion according to Al Ghazâlî must be defended from attacks by philosophy. The dynamics of these beliefs and attitudes are closely related to critical responses to the thoughts of Muslim philosophers. Therefore, socio-historically, Al-Ghazâlî's argument about causal relationships cannot be used as a holistic benchmark or standard that this is Al-Ghazâlî's true view and attitude
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References
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Watt, W Montgomery. “Ideal Factors in the origin of Islam.” Islamic Quarterly 2 (1955): 160–174.
———. “Studies in Muslim Ethics. By Dwight M. Donaldson. London: SPCK, 1953. Pp. xi+ 304. 27s. 6d.” Scottish Journal of Theology 8, no. 2 (1955): 219–221.
Wolfson, Harry Austryn. The philosophy of the Kalam. Vol. 4. Harvard University Press, 1976.
Zaini, Ahmad. “Pemikiran Tasawuf Imam Al-Ghazali.” Esoterik: Jurnal Akhlak dan Tasawuf 2, no. 1 (2016): 150.
Zaqzuq, Mahmud Hamdi. “al-Ghazali Sang Sufi Sang Filosofis, terj. dari Kitab al-Manhaj al Falsafi baina al-Ghazali wa Dikrat.” Bandung: Pustaka (1987).
Zaqz?q, Ma?m?d ?amd?. “Ab? ??mid Mu?ammad al-Ghaz?l? (1058-1111).” Klassiker der Religionsphilosophie (1995): 112–125.
———. Islam und Christentum: Möglichkeiten der Verständigung und Zusammenarbeit. Brunner, 2010.
Abdullah, M Amin. Studi agama: normativitas atau historisitas? Pustaka Pelajar, 1996.
Al-Ghazali, Imam. Ihya’‘Ulumuddin 6. Nuansa Cendekia, 2020.
———. Penyelamat Dari Kesesatan. At-Tanwir Publisher, 2000.
Arikunto, Suharsimi. “Arikunto, Suharsimi.(1993). Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta.” (2010).
Atabik, Ahmad. “Telah Pemikiran al-Ghazali Tentang Filsafat.” Fikrah 2, no. 1 (2014).
Fakhry, Majid. “Three varieties of mysticism in Islam.” International Journal for Philosophy of Religion (1971): 193–207.
Gardet, Louis. “L’ATTITUDE PHILOSOPHIQUE ET RELIGIEUSE D’IBN S?N?: EN SON CONTEXTE HISTORIQUE.” Roczniki Filozoficzne (1979): 157–167.
?azz?l?, Ab?-??mid Mu?ammad Ibn-Mu?ammad al, dan Nab?h Am?n F?ris. “The mysteries of almsgiving: a translation from the Arabic with notes of the Kit?b asr?r al-zak?h of Al Ghazz?li’s I?y?? ?Ul?m al-D?n” (1966).
Goodman, Lenn Evan. Neoplatonism and Jewish thought. Vol. 7. SUNY Press, 1992
Gozali, Aktobi. “Hukum Kausalitas antara Al-Ghazali dan Ibn Rusyd” (2013).
Harun, Nasution. “Falsafah dan mistisisme dalam Islam.” Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1992.
Ibrahim, H. Filsafat Islam Masa Awal, Cara Baca, 2016: Filsafat Islam Masa Awal. Vol. 1. Buku Digital, 2016.
Jamal, Syafa‘atul. “Alam dan Kausalitas dalam Kosmologi Al-ghazali.” Dirasat 13, no. 2 (n.d.): 66–82.
Jamhari, Jamhari. “Al-Ghazali dan Oposisinya terhadap Filsafat.” Jurnal Ilmu Agama: Mengkaji Doktrin, Pemikiran, dan Fenomena Agama 16, no. 1 (2015): 108–119.
Khudori, Soleh. “Filsafat Islam: Dari Klasik Hingga Kontemporer.” Jogjakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media, 2016.
Mahfud, Choirul. “Understanding Education of Authoritative Islamic Law Perspective Khaled Abou el Fadl.” MODELING: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI 6, no. 1 (2019): 1–12.
Mahmud, Akilah. “Jejak Pemikiran Al-Ghazali dan Ibnu Rusyd dalam Perkembangan Teologi Islam.” Sulesana: Jurnal Wawasan Keislaman 13, no. 2 (2020): 183–198.
Marmura, Michael E. “Ghazali and Ash’arism revisited.” Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 12, no. 1 (2002): 91–110.
———. “Ghazali and demonstrative science.” Journal of the History of Philosophy 3, no. 2 (1965): 183–204.
———. “Some aspects of Avicenna’s theory of God’s knowledge of particulars.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 82, no. 3 (1962): 299–312.
Moleong, Lexy J. “Metode penelitian kualitatif edisi revisi.” Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya (2014).
Mudyahardjo, Redja. “Filsafat Ilmu Pendidikan Suatu Pengantar” (2004).
Muliati, Muliati. “Al-ghazali dan kritiknya terhadap filosof.” Aqidah-Ta: Jurnal Ilmu Aqidah 2, no. 2 (2016): 77–86.
Musurillo, Herbert. “Symbolism and Belief.” Thought: Fordham University Quarterly 41, no. 4 (1966): 485–507.
Rahman, Abdul, Ni Made Wirastika Sari, Fitriani Fitriani, Mochamad Sugiarto, Sattar Sattar, Zainal Abidin, Irwanto Irwanto, Anton Priyo Nugroho, Indriana Indriana, dan Nurjanna Ladjin. “Metode Penelitian Ilmu Sosial” (2022).
Riduwan, Riduwan, dan Amir Mahmud. “Integrasi Agama dan Sains dalam Sistem Pendidikan Model Kuttab.” EL-BANAT: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam 13, no. 1 (2023): 85–104.
Rizka Ariefa, Niendy Putri. “PEMIKIRAN IMAM AL-GHAZALI TENTANG NILAI-NILAI AKHLAK DALAM KITAB IHYA’ULUMUDDIN TERJEMAH PROF. TK. H. ISMAIL YAKUB SH; MA.” UIN
Kiai Haji Achmad Shiddiq Jember, 2021. Sandy, Teguh Arie. “TEOLOGI ISLAM DAN Filsafat al-ghazali” (n.d.).
Soleh, Achmad Khudori. “Pendekatan kuantum dalam integrasi agama dan sains Nidhal Guessoum.” Ulul Albab 19, no. 1 (2018): 119–141.
Strauss, Anselm, dan Juliet Corbin. “Basic of qualitative Research, Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques, terj.” M. Shodiq. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar (2003).
Suban, Alwan. “Konsep Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Al-Ghazali.” Idaarah 4, no. 1 (2020): 87–99.
Suhada, Dodo. “Pemikiran Pendidikan Agama (Studi Pemikiran Imam Al-Ghazali Dan Syed Muhammad Nauqib Al-Athas).” Jurnal Tawadhu 4, no. 2 (2020): 1171–1186.
Suyudi, Muhammad, dan Wahyu Hanafi Putra. “Kritik Nalar Kausalitas dan Pengetahuan
David Hume.” Al-Adabiya: Jurnal Kebudayaan Dan Keagamaan 15, no. 2 (2020): 201-214.
Tadjudin, Azi Ahmad. “Corak Pemikiran Hukum Teologi Asy’ariyyah; Studi Pemikiran Hukum Abu Hâmid Al-Ghazâli (450 H-505 H) Dalam Al-Mustashfâ Min ‘Ilm Al-Ushûl.”
Muttaqien; Indonesian Journal of Multidiciplinary Islamic Studies 1, no. 1 (2020): 1-17.
Tiam, Sunardji Dahri. “Historiografi Filsafat Islam: Corak, Periodesasi dan Aktualitas.” Malang Jatim: Intras Publishing (2014).
Toriqularif, Muhammad. “Penelitian evaluasi pendidikan.” Addabana: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam 2, no. 2 (2019): 66–76.
Watt, W Montgomery. “Ideal Factors in the origin of Islam.” Islamic Quarterly 2 (1955): 160–174.
———. “Studies in Muslim Ethics. By Dwight M. Donaldson. London: SPCK, 1953. Pp. xi+ 304. 27s. 6d.” Scottish Journal of Theology 8, no. 2 (1955): 219–221.
Wolfson, Harry Austryn. The philosophy of the Kalam. Vol. 4. Harvard University Press, 1976.
Zaini, Ahmad. “Pemikiran Tasawuf Imam Al-Ghazali.” Esoterik: Jurnal Akhlak dan Tasawuf 2, no. 1 (2016): 150.
Zaqzuq, Mahmud Hamdi. “al-Ghazali Sang Sufi Sang Filosofis, terj. dari Kitab al-Manhaj al Falsafi baina al-Ghazali wa Dikrat.” Bandung: Pustaka (1987).
Zaqz?q, Ma?m?d ?amd?. “Ab? ??mid Mu?ammad al-Ghaz?l? (1058-1111).” Klassiker der Religionsphilosophie (1995): 112–125.
———. Islam und Christentum: Möglichkeiten der Verständigung und Zusammenarbeit. Brunner, 2010.
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Published
2023-12-07
How to Cite
Firdiansyah, A. L., & Alfiyatin, Y. (2023). Kausalitas dalam Perspektif Teologi dan Filsafat Al-Ghazali. EL-BANAT: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 13(2), 254–271. https://doi.org/10.54180/elbanat.2023.13.2.254-271
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